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Dynamics of carbon and phosphorus flows in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
Konvalinková, Tereza ; Jansa, Jan (advisor) ; Baláž, Milan (referee) ; Kolaříková, Zuzana (referee)
Dynamics of carbon and phosphorus flows in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis Mgr. Tereza Konvalinková (doctoral thesis) Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread and highly specialized root symbionts, which gain all of their carbon (C) from the hosts, supplying plants with mineral nutrients (particularly with phosphorus, P) in return. This thesis focuses on the size and flexibility of C and P flows in arbuscular mycorrhiza in relation to environmental conditions, in particular to light and P availability. The indications that the symbiotic flows are regulated actively by both partners are discussed. The main findings are presented as a compilation of separate scientific works (two research articles, one review and one book section). A glasshouse experiment has shown that both mycorrhizal benefits and mycorrhizal colonization of medic (Medicago truncatula) by an AMF species (R. irregularis) decline along the gradient of decreasing light intensity. Interestingly, morphological adaptation of medic to the long-term light deprivation was boosted by mycorrhiza, probably because of C demand of AMF and due to the improved nutrition of the mycorrhizal plants. On the other hand, sudden 6-day shading caused rapid decline of shoot P content of mycorrhizal plants, accompanied with the accumulation of P...
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Ericaceae root mycobionts: diversity, distribution and interactions with neighboring plants
Kolátková, Viktorie ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Baláž, Milan (referee)
The roots of ericaceous plants provide an environment to many fungal endophytes and mycorrhizal fungi.We can observe at least four mycorrhizal types in the family, of which the ericoid mycorrhiza (ErM) is spread the most. The Ericaceae are able to survive in many different and often harsh habitats all over the world thanks to this symbiosis (from the tropical cloud forests, to the arctic tundra heathlands). The group of fungi, forming this relationship, used to be seen as a few very well circumscribed ascomycetes, namely Rhizoscyphus ericae (Read) Zhang & Zhuang and Oidiodendron maius Barron species. With the development of molecular methods, it was expanded of many other species, some of which belonging to Basidiomycota, particularly the order Sebacinales. The diversity of ErM fungal community varies at different geographic locations and it can be influenced by factors such as altitude or the surrounding ecosystem. However, due to lack of further information, we still know quite little about the species distribution. Although they are primarily symbionts of the Ericaceae, some ErM fungi can colonize wider spectrum of plant hosts. Their effect on these hosts is not yet fully understood. Most importantly, they increase the vitality of ericaceous plants and favor them in competition with adjacent...
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Dynamics of carbon and phosphorus flows in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
Konvalinková, Tereza ; Jansa, Jan (advisor) ; Baláž, Milan (referee) ; Kolaříková, Zuzana (referee)
Dynamics of carbon and phosphorus flows in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis Mgr. Tereza Konvalinková (doctoral thesis) Abstract Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widespread and highly specialized root symbionts, which gain all of their carbon (C) from the hosts, supplying plants with mineral nutrients (particularly with phosphorus, P) in return. This thesis focuses on the size and flexibility of C and P flows in arbuscular mycorrhiza in relation to environmental conditions, in particular to light and P availability. The indications that the symbiotic flows are regulated actively by both partners are discussed. The main findings are presented as a compilation of separate scientific works (two research articles, one review and one book section). A glasshouse experiment has shown that both mycorrhizal benefits and mycorrhizal colonization of medic (Medicago truncatula) by an AMF species (R. irregularis) decline along the gradient of decreasing light intensity. Interestingly, morphological adaptation of medic to the long-term light deprivation was boosted by mycorrhiza, probably because of C demand of AMF and due to the improved nutrition of the mycorrhizal plants. On the other hand, sudden 6-day shading caused rapid decline of shoot P content of mycorrhizal plants, accompanied with the accumulation of P...
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Ericaceae root mycobionts: diversity, distribution and interactions with neighboring plants
Kolátková, Viktorie ; Vohník, Martin (advisor) ; Baláž, Milan (referee)
The roots of ericaceous plants provide an environment to many fungal endophytes and mycorrhizal fungi.We can observe at least four mycorrhizal types in the family, of which the ericoid mycorrhiza (ErM) is spread the most. The Ericaceae are able to survive in many different and often harsh habitats all over the world thanks to this symbiosis (from the tropical cloud forests, to the arctic tundra heathlands). The group of fungi, forming this relationship, used to be seen as a few very well circumscribed ascomycetes, namely Rhizoscyphus ericae (Read) Zhang & Zhuang and Oidiodendron maius Barron species. With the development of molecular methods, it was expanded of many other species, some of which belonging to Basidiomycota, particularly the order Sebacinales. The diversity of ErM fungal community varies at different geographic locations and it can be influenced by factors such as altitude or the surrounding ecosystem. However, due to lack of further information, we still know quite little about the species distribution. Although they are primarily symbionts of the Ericaceae, some ErM fungi can colonize wider spectrum of plant hosts. Their effect on these hosts is not yet fully understood. Most importantly, they increase the vitality of ericaceous plants and favor them in competition with adjacent...
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